KunzwisisaMaputsi edunhu: Zvishandiso Zvakakosha Zvekuchengetedza MuMasisitimu Emagetsi
Munyika yeinjiniya yemagetsi uye kuchengetedzeka kwemba, izwi rekuti "circuit breaker" rinowanzo shandiswa. Circuit breaker chishandiso chakakosha chakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza macircuit emagetsi kubva mukukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nekuwanda kwemagetsi kana ma short circuit. Nekukanganisa kufamba kwemagetsi otomatiki kana paine chikanganiso, ma circuit breaker anoita basa rakakosha mukuona kuchengetedzeka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemasystem emagetsi munzvimbo dzekugara, dzebhizinesi, uye dzemaindasitiri.
Chii chinonzi circuit breaker?
Circuit breaker iswitch yemagetsi inovhura kana kuvhara circuit mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa uye asina kunaka. Kusiyana nefuse, iyo inofanira kutsiviwa mushure mekunge yaputika, circuit breaker inogona kudzoserwa patsva mushure mekunge yadonha, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo iri nyore uye inogara kwenguva refu yekudzivirira circuit. Inouya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye saizi kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvemashandisirwo akasiyana.
Mhando dzemacircuit breakers
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemacircuit breaker, imwe neimwe iine basa rayo:
1. Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB): Aya macircuit breaker anowanzo shandiswa mudzimba nemabhizimisi kudzivirira kuwandisa kwemagetsi uye mashort circuits. MaMCB akagadzirwa kuti azviputse ega kana magetsi adarika mwero wakatarwa.
2. MaResidual Current Circuit Breakers (RCCB): MaResidual Current Breakers aya, anozivikanwawo seRCDs (Residual Current Devices), akagadzirwa kudzivirira kuvhunduka kwemagetsi nekuona kusawirirana kwemagetsi. Kana paine chikanganiso, senge munhu akabata waya iri mhenyu, RCCB inogumburwa, yobva yadzima magetsi.
3. Leakage Current Circuit Breaker (ELCB): Kufanana neRCCB, ELCB inoshandiswa kuona zvikanganiso zvevhu nekudzivirira kuvhunduka kwemagetsi. Inonyanya kukosha munzvimbo dzine mvura, dzakadai sedzimba dzekugezera nemakicheni.
4. MaAir Circuit Breakers (ACB): Macircuit breakers aya anoshandiswa mukushandiswa kwemagetsi ane simba rakawanda uye anogona kubata magetsi ane simba rakawanda. MaACB anowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri uye akagadzirirwa kuchengetedza masisitimu makuru emagetsi.
5. MaHydraulic Magnetic Circuit Breakers: Aya macircuit breakers anoshandisa musanganiswa we hydraulic ne electromagnetic mechanisms kucheka circuit. Anowanzo shandiswa mumasystem makuru emagetsi anoda kudzorwa kwakanyatsojeka.
Mashandiro anoita macircuit breakers
Macircuit breaker anoshanda nekuona overcurrent. Kana current iri kufamba necircuit ikadarika rated rated capacity yecircuit breaker, inotanga mechanism inovhura circuit, nokudaro ichidzivirira kufamba kwe current. Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakaita se short circuit, overloaded circuit, kana malfunction mu electrical system.
Nzira yekufamba nayo inogona kuva yekupisa, yemagineti, kana musanganiswa wezvose zviri zviviri. Kufamba kwekupisa kunoshandisa bimetallic strip inokotama kana yapiswa nemagetsi akawandisa, nepo rwendo rwemagineti ruchishandisa electromagnet inoshanda kana magetsi adarika chiyero chakati.
Kukosha kweVapambi veDunhu
Kukosha kwemacircuit breaker hakufanirwe kutaurwa zvakanyanya. Akakosha pakudzivirira moto wemagetsi, kudzivirira midziyo nemidziyo kubva mukukuvadzwa, uye kuona kuchengetedzeka kwemunhu. Mumba, macircuit breaker ndiwo mutsetse wekutanga wekudzivirira njodzi dzemagetsi, zvichibvumira varidzi vemba kuti vakurumidze kugadzirisa system mushure merwendo.
Pamusoro pezvo, macircuit breaker anobatsira kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwemasystem emagetsi. Nekudzivirira kuwandisa kwemagetsi, macircuit breaker anobatsira kuchengetedza kusimba kwezvivakwa zvemagetsi, zvichideredza njodzi yekugadzirisa kunodhura uye nguva yekushanda.
ZVINOKOSHA
Mukupedzisa, macircuit breaker chikamu chakakosha chemagetsi emazuva ano. Akakosha pakuchengetedzeka kwedzimba, mabhizinesi, nenzvimbo dzemaindasitiri nekuti anodzivirira kuwanda kwemagetsi uye mashort circuit. Kunzwisisa mhando dzakasiyana dzemacircuit breaker uye mabasa awo kunogona kubatsira vanhu kuita sarudzo dzakakodzera maererano nekuchengetedzeka kwemagetsi. Sezvo tekinoroji ichiramba ichichinja, macircuit breaker pasina mubvunzo achaita basa guru mune ramangwana reinjiniya yemagetsi nekuchengetedzeka.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-25-2025